Moricandia arvensis based CMS and Fertility Restorer system in Indian Mustard

Background
To meet the growing demand of edible the country the government is spending a large amount of foreign exchange on import. As expanding the area for cultivation of this crops feasible, imperative to breed lines with potential for higher productivity, which is currently stagnated at 17 quintals per hectare. The current breeding methods in use for Indian mustard improvement include selection, recombination breeding through inter vanetal inter-specific hytridization, backcross breeding However, these methods recurrent selection be ineffective in pursuing quantum jump productivity the desired level. Production of hybrid mustard provides important alternative for reslizing higher yields. However, development of hybrid varieties will essentially require a cost-effective pollination control system in mustard. Hybrid breeding could not be undertaken in indian mustard due to the non availability of pollination control system. Five pollination control systems viz, cytoplasmic male sterility system (CMS), geoetic male sterility (GMS), self-incompatibility, use of chemical hybridizing agents (gametocides) and genetically engineered male sterility systems have been suggested for hybrid seed production in mustard. Of these, CMS system, which is widely used for commercial hybrid seed production in a number of crop species, is regarded as the most feasible effective from practical viewpoint. CMS is governed by the mitochondrial genome. Attempts to generate el CMS lines through mutation breeding have not been successful due to large number of the copies of mitochondrial gemome in each mitochondrion.
Technology Details
ICAR-NIP has developed CMS Brassica juncea by using alloplauric ines derived from interspecific hybridization between Moriamo arvenus and Brassica junors. Subsequently, the fertility restorer gene for this CVS was introgressed into juncea from M. arvensis and has tagged system a dominant useful to breed hybrid juncra varieties. bated Fertility Restorem Moncania cytoplaun based CMS system can be transferred to any desirable geimplism of 8 juncea by traditional backcrossing Similarly, restorer gene can be transferred to any desired background with or without markan assisted breeding